Environmental education degrees prepare students to teach environmental concepts in schools, nature centers, parks, and nonprofits through programs ranging from bachelor's degrees to PhDs. Most educators earn degrees in environmental science or related fields, then add teaching credentials or specialized certifications. Employment is competitive with limited positions at nature centers, parks, and conservation organizations, making strong volunteer experience alongside formal education essential for success.
Your passion for the environment runs deep-it's not just a passing interest but a fundamental part of who you are. You want to share that passion by teaching others about ecological systems, conservation, and sustainable living. But choosing the right educational path for environmental education isn't straightforward. Unlike traditional teaching degrees with clear certification pathways, environmental education encompasses diverse career options, from certified K-12 teachers to outdoor adventure guides, each requiring different credentials and preparation.
This guide explores degree options from bachelor's through doctoral levels, clarifies certification requirements for various settings, and provides realistic employment expectations to help you choose the path that aligns with your goals.
Why an Environmental Education Degree?
Environmental education aims to nurture an understanding of how personal and societal choices affect the earth's ecosystems and inhabitants. Environmental educators also hope to inspire a love of nature, often through outdoor immersion programs and adventure outings. However, they work with children, students, adults, and tourists in both formal and non-formal settings. Some are certified teachers who work in secondary schools, while others plan and run programs at nature centers, parks, or nonprofit organizations.
The field combines scientific knowledge with teaching methodology. Whether you're leading a group of middle schoolers on a nature hike or developing curriculum for a park's visitor education program, you'll draw on both your environmental expertise and your ability to communicate complex concepts in accessible ways.
Environmental Education Undergraduate Programs
Aspiring environmental educators typically earn a bachelor's degree in environmental science, environmental studies, geography, ecology, or a related area. There are a few undergraduate programs in environmental education specifically. It's advantageous to choose these degrees, though, since they combine teaching methods and experiential learning with the necessary scientific foundation.
Volunteering for conservation organizations, parks, or summer camps while in college is an excellent way to gain valuable practical experience. Many employers prioritize candidates who demonstrate both academic preparation and hands-on experience working with diverse audiences in outdoor settings.
Environmental Educator Certification Programs
An increasing number of states are certifying environmental educators working in both formal and non-formal settings. Certification programs set standards and often require ongoing professional development.
Separate certification is required for public school teachers in all states. Certification requirements vary by state, but always require at least a bachelor's degree, completion of a teacher preparation program, and supervised teaching experience. Many require a general teaching test, background check, and continuing professional development.
School Spotlight
Unity College, in the wooded setting of Unity, Maine, specializes in environmental science education and hands-on experience. Unity offers two unique degree programs: a B.S. in Adventure-Based Environmental Education and a B.S. in Secondary Education. The secondary education program provides much more than instruction in traditional teaching methods; it integrates in-depth studies in natural resources and environmental education, as well as lab work, fieldwork, and teaching assistance. Students learn educational psychology, geographic information systems (GIS), and how to use field equipment.
As undergraduates, students actively lead experiential learning sessions for local schools and camps. Graduates are prepared to fill roles as much-needed science teachers. In addition to a diploma, they also receive a certification to teach life or physical science in middle school or high school. They're also qualified for positions as park rangers and nature guides.
Unity College's Adventure-Based Environmental Education program gives students real-world experience leading wilderness hikes and other activities, such as canoeing and rock climbing. Students also learn pedagogy, how to teach safely through outdoor activities, how to manage both traditional and outdoor classrooms, and leadership skills. This program is best for students seeking careers in outdoor, recreational, environmental, and experiential education. Graduates are qualified for positions as educators in schools and nature centers, wilderness guides, and eco-travel professionals.
The University of Minnesota, Duluth, offers a Bachelor of Applied Science (B.A.Sc.) in Environmental and Outdoor Education. Students learn outdoor education methods, program planning and delivery, program management and evaluation, and principles of recreation. They also spend one whole semester in the field in an outdoor educational setting. Graduates are prepared for careers in adventure education, environmental interpretation, environmental education, and other informal education settings that don't require a teaching license.
Graduate Certificates in Environmental Education
Several schools offer graduate certificates in environmental education. These can be a good choice for students with environmental science degrees who want to add education credentials without committing to a complete master's program. Some graduates of traditional education programs who are interested in environmental education may also wish to pursue a certificate.
School Spotlight
Hamline University in Minnesota offers a 10-credit graduate certificate in environmental education, available both in person and online. The certificate focuses on ecological concepts and both indoor and outdoor teaching methods. Students may choose courses on ecology, natural history, teaching methods, field biology, and geology.
Master's Degrees in Environmental Education
Graduate programs in this field offer M.A., M.Ed., or M.S. degrees, with different areas of focus. For example, the M.Ed. is generally aligned for educators in formal settings that require teacher certification. The M.A. tends to focus on the social sciences, while M.S. programs are for students who wish to study science and natural resources in greater depth. Aspiring students should choose the program that best fits their backgrounds and goals.
Master of Education (M.Ed.) Programs
The M.Ed. prepares educators for formal teaching positions in public and private schools. These programs emphasize pedagogical theory, curriculum development, and classroom management alongside environmental content. Most M.Ed. programs assume you already hold or are pursuing teaching certification.
Master of Arts (M.A.) Programs
M.A. programs emphasize the social science aspects of environmental education, including environmental policy, ethics, philosophy, and communication. These programs suit students interested in nonprofit program management, museum education, or community outreach rather than traditional classroom teaching.
Master of Science (M.S.) Programs
M.S. programs provide deeper scientific training in ecology, conservation biology, natural resources, and environmental science. These programs prepare students for roles requiring both scientific expertise and educational skills, such as nature center directors, park interpreters with specialized knowledge, or researchers in environmental education.
School Spotlight
Western Washington University offers an M.Ed. program. Students can choose from two options: a residency focused on the nonprofit sector or a more traditional program that encompasses environmental education more broadly (with or without a thesis). The more conventional on-campus program is a non-thesis option. However, students must design an environmental education field project. The campus-based thesis option is more research-oriented and suitable for students who want to pursue further study or careers in academia.
The non-thesis residency option involves collaboration with the North Cascades Institute (NCI). In addition to the M.Ed., students earn a Certificate in Leadership and Nonprofit Administration from NCI and Northwest Naturalist Certification. Students design curricula and learn about nonprofit management and natural history. They must pass a comprehensive exam. Western Washington University programs do not include teacher certification.
New York University offers an M.A. in Environmental Conservation Education that prepares students for careers in formal and non-formal educational settings. The program focuses on the social sciences, including coursework in environmental philosophy, policy, journalism, ethics, education, and science. Fieldwork is a required component. Students also gain real-world experience through NYU's partnerships with museums and environmental education centers, including internship opportunities with a wide range of organizations. Graduates find careers as ecological educators, program managers, and environmental consultants.
Comparing Master's Degree Types
| Degree Type | Primary Focus | Best For | Typical Career Paths |
|---|---|---|---|
| M.Ed. | Pedagogy, curriculum development, and classroom management | Aspiring K-12 teachers in formal educational settings | Middle/high school science teachers, school district environmental coordinators |
| M.A. | Social sciences, policy, ethics, and communication | Nonprofit program management, community education, and museum education | Nature center program directors, environmental nonprofit managers, and museum educators |
| M.S. | Natural sciences, ecology, conservation biology, research methods | Roles requiring scientific expertise and educational skills | Park naturalists, research educators, and outdoor education specialists with a scientific focus |
Doctoral Programs in Environmental Education
Educators, program managers employed by governments and nonprofits, and others can advance their careers through a doctoral program in environmental education. Doctoral programs prepare students for leadership roles in academia, research, policy development, and high-level program administration.
School Spotlight
Prescott College in Prescott, Arizona, is a private, well-ranked college offering a Limited-Residency Ph.D. program in Education with a concentration in Sustainability Education. Students create customized programs of study that include a practicum. Candidates also complete an "action-oriented dissertation" that provides for rigorous scholarship. It's a flexible program that allows students to complete most work remotely, with occasional campus visits.
Environmental Educator Salary & Career Outlook
Understanding the financial realities of environmental education careers helps you make informed decisions about your educational investment and career path.
Salary Ranges by Setting
Environmental educator salaries vary significantly based on work setting, geographic location, education level, and experience. Here's what you can expect in different career paths:
K-12 Public School Teachers: Environmental science teachers in middle and high schools earn salaries aligned with state and district teaching scales. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the median annual wage for high school teachers was $65,220 in May 2024, with variation based on state, district, and years of experience. Teachers typically receive benefits including health insurance, retirement contributions, and summer breaks.
Nature Center and Park Educators: Environmental educators working in nature centers, state parks, and national parks typically earn between $35,000 and $55,000 annually in entry to mid-level positions. Program directors and senior educators with advanced degrees and extensive experience can earn $60,000 to $75,000. These positions may offer fewer benefits than public school teaching roles.
Nonprofit Program Managers: Environmental education program managers at conservation nonprofits earn median salaries between $45,000 and $65,000, with executive directors of established programs earning $70,000 to $90,000 or more, depending on organization size and funding.
Outdoor Education Guides: Entry-level outdoor education instructors and wilderness guides often earn $25,000 to $35,000 annually. Many of these positions are seasonal or part-time. Experienced lead instructors and program coordinators can earn $40,000 to $50,000.
Environmental Scientists in Education Roles: According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, environmental scientists and specialists earned a median annual wage of $80,060 in May 2024. Those who work in educational outreach or consulting roles with advanced degrees and certifications typically fall within this range.
Employment Outlook
The Bureau of Labor Statistics projects 4% employment growth for environmental scientists and specialists from 2024 to 2034, about as fast as the average for all occupations. This growth translates to approximately 8,500 job openings annually over the decade. However, positions specifically focused on environmental education represent a subset of this broader category.
Teaching positions follow separate labor market dynamics, with demand varying significantly by state and subject area. Environmental science teachers, classified as secondary school science teachers, face competition for positions, though schools with strong STEM programs often seek qualified candidates.
Employment in Environmental Education
Most environmental educators work for nature centers, national and state parks, and nonprofit environmental organizations. Some work for zoos, aquariums, and arboretums. These types of organizations have limited budgets, which means they can offer a limited number of jobs. Due to the interest in this career field, competition for jobs is intense. Candidates with practical experience through volunteer work at parks and summer camps will have the best opportunities.
Career Paths and Work Settings
Certified K-12 Science Teachers: Work in public and private middle and high schools teaching environmental science, biology, earth science, or general science courses with ecological focuses. Responsibilities include lesson planning, classroom instruction, student assessment, and participation in school activities. Most positions require state teaching certification and offer regular employment with benefits.
Nature Center Educators: Develop and deliver programs for school groups, summer camps, and public audiences at nature centers and environmental learning centers. Daily work includes leading guided hikes, teaching hands-on science lessons, caring for live animals in educational exhibits, and maintaining program materials. Many positions start part-time or seasonal before transitioning to full-time roles.
Park Interpreters and Rangers: Work in state and national parks providing educational programs about natural and cultural resources. Responsibilities include leading interpretive walks, staffing visitor centers, developing educational materials, and managing volunteer programs. Competition for permanent positions is intense, with many professionals starting in seasonal roles. Learn more about park ranger careers.
Outdoor Adventure Educators: Lead wilderness expeditions, adventure programs, and experiential learning courses for schools, camps, and outdoor education organizations. Work involves teaching outdoor skills, managing group dynamics, ensuring safety in challenging environments, and helping participants connect environmental concepts to hands-on experiences. Positions often require specialized certifications in wilderness first aid, technical skills, and Leave No Trace principles.
Nonprofit Environmental Educators: Manage education programs for conservation organizations, watershed groups, and environmental advocacy nonprofits. Responsibilities extend beyond direct teaching to include grant writing, program development, volunteer coordination, community outreach, and partnership building. These roles suit educators interested in program leadership and organizational management.
Skills You'll Develop in Environmental Education
Leadership: Environmental educators learn how to lead group activities in both classroom and outdoor settings. You'll develop the ability to manage diverse groups, make quick decisions in dynamic situations, and inspire others to engage with environmental topics. This includes facilitating discussions, managing group dynamics during field experiences, and modeling ecological stewardship through your own actions.
Pedagogy: Students learn teaching methodology and best practices for both formal and non-formal educational settings. This includes understanding how people learn at different developmental stages, designing practical lessons that accommodate various learning styles, and adapting teaching methods for indoor classrooms versus outdoor environments. You'll study educational theory while gaining practical experience implementing these concepts.
Communication: Students learn to communicate effectively with people of all age ranges and backgrounds. They know how to explain complex environmental concepts verbally and in writing. They also must give presentations and run group activities. This skill extends to translating scientific research into accessible language, creating engaging educational materials, and building relationships with diverse communities.
Critical Thinking: Students learn how to evaluate sustainability challenges and potential solutions, as well as the environmental consequences of individual actions. You'll develop the ability to analyze environmental problems from multiple perspectives, consider social and economic factors alongside ecological concerns, and guide learners in making informed decisions rather than prescribing solutions.
Scientific Analysis: Students may also learn how to collect, analyze, and interpret environmental data about their local area and to present information to community groups. This includes understanding research methodologies, using field equipment and technology, conducting ecological monitoring, and presenting findings in ways that inform public understanding and decision-making.
Frequently Asked Questions
Do I need a teaching license to become an environmental educator?
It depends on your career path. K-12 public school positions require state teaching certification, which includes a bachelor's degree, a teacher preparation program, supervised teaching experience, and passing required tests. However, nature centers, parks, camps, and nonprofit organizations typically don't need teaching licenses. These positions prioritize environmental knowledge, hands-on teaching experience, and the ability to engage diverse audiences in non-formal educational settings.
What's the difference between an M.A., M.Ed., and M.S. in environmental education?
Each degree type serves different career goals. The M.Ed. focuses on formal education pedagogy and classroom teaching, preparing you for K-12 positions. The M.A. emphasizes the social sciences, such as environmental policy, ethics, and communication, and is suited to nonprofit program management or museum education. The M.S. provides deeper scientific training in ecology and natural resources, ideal for roles requiring both scientific expertise and educational skills, such as park naturalists or research educators. Choose based on whether you're drawn to classroom teaching, program management, or science-focused education.
Can I become an environmental educator without a specific degree in ecological education?
Yes, most environmental educators major in environmental science, environmental studies, biology, ecology, or related fields for their bachelor's degree, then gain teaching skills through graduate programs, certificates, or on-the-job experience. Few undergraduate programs exist specifically in environmental education. What matters most is combining strong environmental knowledge with teaching ability and practical experience. Volunteering at nature centers, working at summer camps, or participating in outdoor education programs during college builds the hands-on experience employers seek.
What's the job outlook for environmental educators?
The job market is competitive but stable. Nature centers, parks, and nonprofits have limited budgets and relatively few positions compared to the field's interest. Environmental scientists (a related occupation) are projected to grow by 4% from 2024 to 2034, with about 8,500 annual openings. K-12 science teaching positions follow different market patterns, varying by state and district needs. The strongest candidates combine relevant degrees with substantial volunteer or internship experience, demonstrating both environmental knowledge and proven teaching ability with diverse audiences.
How much can I expect to earn as an environmental educator?
Salaries vary widely by setting and experience. K-12 teachers earn a median wage of around $65,220 after district scales. Nature center educators typically earn $35,000- $55,000 in entry- to mid-level roles, with program directors reaching $60,000- $75,000. Nonprofit program managers earn $ 45,000- $65,000, while executive directors can earn $ 70,000- $90,000 or more. Entry-level outdoor education instructors often start at $ 2,000-$35,000, with many positions seasonal. Environmental scientists in educational roles can reach the occupation median of $80,060. Consider the salary and non-monetary benefits of working in an outdoor setting, which can positively impact opportunities.
Related Environmental Careers
If you're exploring environmental education, you might also be interested in these related career paths:
- Park Ranger: Protect natural resources while providing visitor education and safety services in state and national parks.
- Conservation Scientist: Work with landowners and governments to protect natural resources through sustainable management practices.
- Environmental Science Teacher: Focus specifically on classroom teaching of environmental science in middle and high schools.
- Wildlife Biologist: Study animals in their natural habitats and often participate in public education about wildlife conservation.
- Public Health Careers: Address environmental health concerns affecting communities, with educational outreach as a key component.
Key Takeaways
- Degree Flexibility: Few undergraduate programs exist specifically in environmental education. Most educators major in environmental science, environmental studies, or related fields and add teaching credentials through graduate programs, certificates, or certification processes.
- Certification Requirements: Formal educational settings, such as public schools, require state teaching certification, while informal settings, such as nature centers, parks, and nonprofits, increasingly offer environmental educator certification programs but rarely require teaching licenses.
- Graduate Program Focus Matters: M.Ed. programs target formal educators, M.A. programs emphasize social sciences and program management, and M.S. programs provide deeper scientific training. Choose based on whether you're drawn to classroom teaching, nonprofit leadership, or science-focused interpretation.
- Competitive Job Market: Nature centers, parks, and environmental nonprofits operate on limited budgets and have relatively few positions compared to the field'sinterest. Practical volunteer experience at parks, summer camps, or conservation organizations significantly improves employment prospects.
- Diverse Career Outcomes: Graduates pursue varied paths, including K-12 science teachers (median $65,220), nature center educators ($35,000-$75,000 depending on experience), park interpreters, outdoor adventure guides, and nonprofit program managers ($45,000-$65,000), each offering unique combinations of salary, benefits, and work environments.
Ready to combine your environmental passion with teaching and inspire the next generation of environmental stewards? Exploreecologicall education programs that match your goals-whether you're drawn to outdoor adventure programs, formal classroom settings, or nonprofit program leadership.
2024 US Bureau of Labor Statistics salary and job growth figures for Environmental Scientists and Specialists and Post-Secondary Environmental Science Teachers reflect state and national data, not school-specific information. Conditions in your area may vary. Data accessed January 2026.
